The Binary to Grey Code Convertor - Modified Version for Youth

A 4-bit Binary to Grey Code Convertor is a digital electronics device. It is used for conversion of n- bit Binary Code into Grey Code. A sophisticated version is that which shows the code conversion with the help of LEDs which glows. Apart from this, a small modification has been done thereby eliminating redundancy of changing wires'(potential 0 & 1 ) manually . The motive behind this project is to bring improvement, and efficiency, and create an impact by tackling existing problems.

Basically we need digital electronics components. All of them will be soldered on a Zero PCB. Also, I have attached a table enlisting the approximate price of individual components in the Indian currency

Components Used:-

1. Resistor 300 Ohms X 4
2. 7805 Voltage Regulator X 1
3. LED 5mm X 8
4. Resistor 1 kOhms X 8
5. Connecting Wire Jumper Wires X 15
6. Soldering Iron Gun X 1
7. Solder Wire X 1
8. EX-OR IC X 1
9. A Toggle switch (its function is to break or make connection.)
10. A green LED (It indicates power on /off.)
11. A 9 Volt battery
12. Zero PCB X 1

In this section, a circuit diagram is shown. Those who want to replicate the project may closely look onto the circuit diagram for better understanding. One thing which distinguishes this code Convertor from ordinary ones is that I have considered adding 4 identical resistors of 1kilo Ohms each in between adjacent EX-OR ICs.

Advantages of the modification:-

1) It will eliminate the need of changing wires frequently for describing different combinations.

2) It will prevent the soldered parts from getting distorted or broken especially the wires.

By referring the code conversion table one can see that on left side of the divider there is Binary Codes while on the other half there is corresponding Grey codes.

This is a digital electronics project. We often play with 0 and 1 in digital electronics and I have developed an interesting device.

It is a 4 bit Binary to Grey Code Convertor. Unlike, other digital electronics devices which rely on manually shifting of wires , this unique yet creative model/device is unprecedented one. With this device we are not just confined to theories anymore but our approach is to understand it practically.

Digital Electronics Teachers/professors must have gone through this tedious topic.They can now teach digital electronics to students with the help of a Sophisticated Device like this. Visuals are always better than written theory with no practical approach.

Such devices often help engineering students to understand the fundamentals of digital electronics. Innumerable Code Convertors of different kinds can be made like this one.

Two things in Digital Electronics are indispensable:

1. IC(Integrated Circuit)
2. 0 and 1

This particular device can display upto 16 unique combinations. Needless to mention, EX-OR IC is the brain behind the working of this model .

Calculating thet area of a PCB accurately and understanding how to achieve the best cost-to-space ratio are important aspects of PCB design.

To find the area of a single PCB use this formula:- Area(sqm) = Length ((mm)* Width(mm)/1,000,000

Efficient Utilization of PCB Real Estate:-

1. PCB Size minimization: Design smaller PCBs to reduce material costs. Use space-saving components and minimize the board’s footprint without compromising the functionality.
2. 
   
3. Judicious Component Placement: Arrange components in a way that maximizes space utilization. Place similar components together and use both sides of the PCB if necessary.You can have a look on the arrangement of LEDs for the reference.
4. 
   
5. Better to use Integrated Circuits: Use integrated circuits that combine the functionality of multiple components into a single package, thereby reducing the number of components needed.

Transforming ideas into reality is what that matters. Prior any idea no one can develop a prototype. In same sense prior any problem no one can come up with a solution. Even if he/she tries to do so then it may definitely create a problem. After the times of Covid 19 when everything abruptly went online the retention, towards studies , of students has significantly curtailed to a great extent.

They don't want to confine themselves with theories anymore. When a professor explain them theories it seems like hogwash. But when the same concept is taught using working models it grabs their attention and then only they learn the concept and its real life implementation

.Potential beneficiaries

The end users will be either (college)students or professors or maybe both. As they are the ones who will benefit the most, they are the potential beneficiaries. The semiconductor market, especially in India, is emerging and prospering at the speed of light. In the year 2024, many renowned colleges have started to provide students with an option to choose CHIP DESIGN specialization in a B.Tech course.

I experienced a large gap between theory and practical which most students face during higher studies particularly in Computer Science Domain. As they say, "a picture tells a lot more than words". Similarly, I believe that working models tells you a lot more than bookish theory.

Digital electronics devices can be commercialized by manufacturing them for college-going students, or they may be provided in bulk to colleges so that professors can teach the students in a sophisticated manner. Technical subjects like digital electronics require unwavering concentration upon concepts and their practical implementation. These devices will serve the purpose.

My vision is to empower students by making the learning tools advanced. The conventional methods of learning & teaching need to be optimized for productive outcome.